5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading

5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

Well, first let’s start with some background knowledge.

What is the Science of Reading???

The Science of Reading is 20 plus years of reading research, and it gives teachers the best strategies for teaching students to read based on research of how the brain learns to read.

5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

Our brains are wired to speak, but not to read. We have been speaking for over 100,000 years, but we have not been reading and writing for that long. The first writing systems were invented about 10,000 years ago. Alphabetic writing (so when we changed from drawings to express stories to letters to convey words) evolved about 5,000 years ago.

5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

The Science of Reading research, provides an evidence-based best practice approach for teaching foundational literacy skills called Structured Literacy. Structured Literacy emphasizes a purposeful, direct, systematic, and explicit reading and language arts instructional framework for instructing students to decipher words in prints and to focus on the goal of reading, which is to learn, enjoy, and comprehend text, through individualized instruction, informed by deliberate assessment.

Structured Literacy Checklist FREEBIE l 5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

-The Simple View of Reading looks at reading like a math equation:
Decoding x Linguistic/Language Comprehension = Reading Comprehension

-There are 5 Pillars of Reading: Phonemic Awareness, Alphabetic Principle, Fluency, Vocabulary, and Comprehension, all integral to the…

-3 Layers of Reading Development:
1 - letters and sounds,
2 - phonic decoding,
3 - orthographic mapping

5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

What are advanced phonemic awareness skills?

Early phonemic awareness are the skills typically develop in preschoolers and include rhyming (e.g. sit, pit, lit), alliteration (e.g. the cute cat can cry), being able to segment words into syllables (e.g. /syll/ /a/ /bles/), and being able to identify the first sounds in words.

​Basic phonemic awareness skills are typically developed throughout kindergarten and first grade. Basic phonemic awareness skills include phoneme blending and phoneme segmentation. These basic skills are instrumental in phonic decoding and early spelling.

• Segmenting is breaking words into their syllables and words into their individual sounds. Segmenting can also be practiced with separating a sentence into its individual words.

• Blending is the opposite of segmenting. Rather than separating a word into its individual sounds, it involves combining individual sounds to say a whole word.

Advanced phonemic awareness skills are the skills typically developed by about third or fourth grade. Advanced phonemic awareness skills include the ability to manipulate phonemes, such as

• Deleting phonemes (“Say ‘sit’. Say it again without the /s/”. Correct answer ‘it’ )

• Substituting phonemes (“Change the /c/ in can to /p/. What is the new word? Pan.)

• Reversing phonemes within words (Say ‘tap’. Now say it backwards. ‘pat.’)​

AND they are required for proficient reading. This means that phonemic awareness skills must be explicitly taught. Students must be able to achieve mastery of advanced phonemic awareness skills to be able to proficiently read.

5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

Orthographic Mapping is the formation of letter-sound connections to bond the spellings and pronunciations of specific words in memory

It explains how student brains memorize how words look-sound. The process we use to store printed words in long-term memory is the third level of reading development called orthographic mapping. Orthographic mapping is the efficient expansion of sight vocabularies, requiring letter-sound skills and advanced phonological awareness skills. Research has demonstrated that orthographic mapping is the most efficient strategy for moving word patterns into long-term memory for students, thus increasing a student’s sight word vocabulary.

Orthographic Mapping Strategy Sequence l 5 Things to Know about the Science of Reading l Miss Rae's Room Teaching Reading to Students with Learning Disabilities

Get this instructional sequence AND grab my FREE Phoneme Grapheme Mapping Board by clicking HERE!

Happy and Healthy Teaching!
Peace,
Miss Rae

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